Effective Asthma Control: How to Identify and Avoid Common Triggers

Controlling Asthma: Know and Avoid Your Triggers

Key Points:

• Asthma attacks often happen when you’re exposed to asthma “triggers.”
• Your triggers may be different from someone else’s.
• The key to asthma control is knowing your triggers and learning how to avoid them.

Common Asthma Triggers and How to Manage Them

1. Secondhand Smoke

Smoke from others—even if you’re not smoking—can easily trigger an asthma attack. To stay safe:

• Avoid being around smokers.
• Make your home and car smoke-free zones.

2. Dust Mites

These tiny bugs live in household dust and can worsen asthma symptoms. Prevent exposure by:

• Using allergen-proof pillow and mattress covers.
• Avoiding down-filled pillows and comforters.
• Washing bed linens weekly in hot water and drying them fully.
• Vacuuming with a HEPA filter.
• Keeping home humidity levels between 30%–50%.

3. Air Pollution

Pollutants from factories, vehicles, or wildfires can make breathing harder. Tips:

• Monitor local air quality forecasts daily.
• Stay indoors when pollution levels are high.

4. Cockroaches and Pests

Pests can be a major trigger. To reduce exposure:

• Clean up food crumbs and spills immediately.
• Store food in sealed containers.
• Keep trash covered.
• Seal cracks and holes where pests might enter.
• Avoid using insect sprays or foggers, which may worsen asthma symptoms.

5. Furry Pets

Pet dander, not fur, triggers asthma. If rehoming isn’t an option:

• Keep pets out of bedrooms.
• Bathe pets regularly.
• Use HEPA-filtered air purifiers.
• Cover bedding with allergen-proof covers.

6. Mold

Mold spores can trigger asthma, especially in damp or water-damaged areas. Manage mold by:

• Drying wet items within 24–48 hours.
• Fixing leaks quickly.
• Using air conditioners or dehumidifiers to lower humidity.
• Keeping humidity below 50% with a hygrometer.
• Scrubbing moldy surfaces with detergent and water.
• Using exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens.

Other Asthma Triggers to Watch For

• Respiratory infections like flu, RSV, or the common cold
• Pollen, seasonal allergies, and sinus infections
• Strong odors, chemical fumes, and fragrances
• Acid reflux (GERD)
• Extreme weather: cold, dry air, high humidity, or storms
• Certain foods and medications (if allergic)
• Physical exertion or intense emotions that lead to rapid breathing

Final Thoughts

Controlling asthma means being proactive. Know your specific triggers, create an asthma-friendly environment, and take steps to reduce your risk. Consistency in managing your surroundings and monitoring your health is key to living well with asthma.