Stem cell tech seeks to rebuild brains defense with lab created microglia cells

Understanding Microglia: The Brain’s Dedicated Defenders

Microglia, a unique form of immune cell, constitute roughly 10% of the cells found within the brain and spinal cord. These specialized cells play a crucial role in maintaining brain health through several key functions.

The Key Functions of Microglia

Microglia act as the brain’s clean-up crew and defense force. Their primary responsibilities include:

• Eliminating Infectious Microbes: They target and remove harmful microorganisms that could cause infections within the brain.
• Removing Dead Cells: Microglia clear away dead or damaged cells, preventing them from causing inflammation or disrupting normal brain function.
• Clearing Aggregated Proteins: They break down and remove clumps of misfolded proteins, which can accumulate and contribute to neurodegenerative diseases.
• Neutralizing Soluble Antigens: Microglia neutralize potentially harmful soluble antigens that may pose a threat to the brain.

Microglia’s Role in Brain Development

Beyond their immune functions, microglia also play a vital role in the developing brain. They help to:

• Shape Neural Circuits: During brain development, microglia assist in sculpting neural circuits, ensuring proper connections and efficient brain function.

In essence, microglia are indispensable for maintaining a healthy brain environment.